Start Dialysis With Incremental PD

The majority of patients starting dialysis have residual kidney function (RKF) making them suitable for Incremental PD.

Incremental peritoneal dialysis (IPD) is a strategy by which less than standard “full-dose” PD is prescribed in people initiating PD so that the combination of residual renal and peritoneal clearance achieved is sufficient to achieve individualized clearance goals; it is done with the intention of increasing the peritoneal prescription if and when residual renal clearance subsequently declines​”.1

Chart showing decrease of RKF as PD increases

  • Most patients start IPD with a GFR in the range of 5-12 mL/min/1.73 m2 when moderate uremic symptoms present*2,3
  • Patients are monitored for residual GFR using averages of creatinine and urea clearance3,4
  • The dialysis dose may be gradually increased over time to compensate for any decline in renal function and meet adequacy targets3,4

Incremental PD Offers Many Benefits

-

RKF is associated with better patient survival

Click here to go to read more

80% of patients survive anuria-free 2+ years longer with incremental PD4

Incremental PD charts

IPD May Preserve Kidney Function Better Than Full-dose PD without Increasing Risk of Peritonitis4

Overall median time to the first peritonitis event was 2.3 years for patients on Incremental PD and full dose4

Study design: A retrospective, randomized study (n=347 patients) between 2007-2015, comparing patients on incremental PD and full dose PD. Primary outcome in the study was anuria-free survival comparing IPD and full dose PD. Inversed probability weighted, adjusted anuria-free survival using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model.  This was an observational, single-center study, which included only CAPD patients with >200mL daily urine volume.

Potential goals of PD care

Lower hospitalization

  • Maintain individual's quality of life
  • Enable them to meet their life goals
  • Minimize symptoms and treatment burden
  • Ensure delivery of high-quality care
Chart showing time to technique failure by PD intensity

Ease the Transition of Dialysis for Patients

Incremental PD may provide an option for a smoother transition to dialysis

  1. Less burden for patient and carers (with fewer exchanges or dialysis-free days)​
    • Less time spent doing dialysis and more time for normal life activities and goals​
  2. Reduced amount of dialysis fluid normalizes living environment
    • Less storage space required
    • Less waste and improved environmental impact
  3. Symptom burden reduced​
    • Incremental PD clears solutes and achieves adequate dialysis.​
  4. Patients feel able to achieve life goals.​
  5. Maintains independence

We could also add other benefits here and to the table above:

Table showing predictors of drop out to hemodialysis

Extends time on PD

Navaratnarajah Perit Dial Int 2021​

  • Tailoring the PD prescription to RKF enables days off dialysis and reduces therapy burden
  • There was a strong association of the use of this flexible prescription with longer stay on PD​

Multivariate analysis suggested that the incremental approach was associated with a significantly reduced chance of transfer to hemodialysis

Study design: A retrospective, randomized study (n=347 patients) between 2007-2015, comparing patients on incremental PD and full dose PD. Primary outcome in the study was anuria-free survival comparing IPD and full dose PD. Inversed probability weighted, adjusted anuria-free survival using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model.  This was an observational, single-center study, which included only CAPD patients with >200mL daily urine volume.

THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR PD